Increasing taxes of alcohol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Increasing taxes of alcohol - Essay Example According to the health minister, when in the year 2000 the previous government initiated a tax decrease on these products, it led to a drastic increase in the consumption of these products. Official data suggests that the consumption increased form 14 percent to around 60 percent with young girls. Moreover, an even more alarming situation for the government is that the consumption of ready to alcohol drinks is increasing within teenagers and data suggests that girls are even more responsive towards this trend in comparison with boys. The government hopes to reverse this trend with this price increase since the segment is price sensitive plus the government also promises to spend the tax revenue in preventive health schemes. The above-mentioned case in many ways relates to different concepts of economics. The first one can be the very basic relation of price and demand. Economics at its initial level teaches that price charged for any product and quantity demanded of that product enjoy a negative or inverse relationship. If price charged for a product increases than the quantity demand decreases and vice versa1. This case shows a similar kind of a situation. According to the health minister when in year 2000, the previous government decreased the taxes, it led to the decrease in the price charged for it to consumers and this decrease in price led to a drastic increase in the quantity demanded for ready to drink alcohol drinks. Official data suggests that it rose from 14 percent to 60 percent within the segment of young girls. The price demand relationship explains the idea and phenomenon behind this happening. Another important concept of economics applied here is the price elasticity of demand. Sensitivity of quantity demanded to the changes in the price charged is the price elasticity of demand. In order words, it can also be said that it refers to the responsiveness of demand in relation to the changes in price.

Radical Feminism most effective for the third wave of feminism Essay

Radical Feminism most effective for the third wave of feminism - Essay Example Passive methods of action will only do so much as structural and societal constraints will prevail. Unless there is a more radical outreach, women will remain the â€Å"underdog† in society, especially because the focus is more on conceptual ideologies such as the abolishment of gender role expectations. These issues, much like in the second wave of feminism, will only become marginalized by other social outcries such as welfare that are apparent and seem to need greater attention. Radical Feminism has proven to be the more effective choice of action since it promotes a greater, positive dialogue and initiates a course of action in support of feminist ideals. Therefore, radical feminism may arguably be considered more appropriate for the third wave of feminism. The following paper will define the term radical in relation to feminism and identify boundaries due to its significant spectrum. Furthermore, to support the above-mentioned claims, cases in which radical feminist movem ents in the past have been more effective from relatively passive movements in the incidence of the Women’s Suffrage, will be identified. Like much of feminism, radical feminism too is highly misunderstood. The textbook definition of the term is as follows, â€Å"Radical feminism is a "current" within feminism that focuses on the theory of patriarchy as a system of power that organizes society into a complex of relationships based on an assumption of "male supremacy" used to oppress women†. Additionally, â€Å"Radical feminists tend to be more militant in their approach (radical as "getting to the root") than other feminists are† (Lewis, 2014). The first part defines the term in a broad ideological sense whereas the second shares the thought response. In the technical sense this is fair considering being a militant refers to a broad group of people such as activists, revolutionaries, terrorists or even insurgents, and feminists can be both revolutionaries and activists.

The Coast Guard Academy and what you will get as a Cadet Personal Statement

The Coast Guard Academy and what you will get as a Cadet - Personal Statement Example The researcher will begin with the statement that his particular interest is within the Coast Guard Academy. The author has rightly presented that he believes that life is short and one should do what one wants to in entirety. This is the reason why the author tilt is towards becoming a Cadet which shall, in essence, take care of his future professional domains. His four years as a Cadet would teach the author discipline in the sternest manner possible. It will inculcate in him a sense of understanding how life shapes up and what needs to be done in order to bring sanity to his life. The basic understanding underlining the case study is that the researcher’s goals are to achieve what he has always dreamt of within his professional life. The researcher states that this has meant that he shall take care of the important factors within his stay at the Coast Guard Academy which will pave the way for my success in the times to come. The paper tells that other goals that the researc her has established for him include his adherence towards keeping him motivated, especially under difficult circumstances and extraordinary situations. The efforts that the author has put in all this while bank on his educational qualification and his reliance on making his way through the different pathways to achieve his goals. The researcher will conclude with an example of time management which he is good at.

History of forensic and science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of forensic and science - Essay Example Later on, Locard came up with his Exchange Principle which claimed ‘any action of an individual, and obviously, the violent action constituting a crime, cannot occur without leaving a trace’ (Locard, La police 8.). In fact, Locard also made significant contributions in improving dactylography, the science that deals with fingerprints. In this connection, he started the science of poroscopy, or the study of fingerprint pores and the impressions produced by the pores. One of his important studies was that if there are at least 12 specific points identical between two fingerprints, that is a positive identification. Thus, for the first time, this enabled police forces to use fingerprints to identify criminals. In the year 1929, Locard jointly with various other criminalists started the International Academy of Criminalistics in Switzerland. However, this initiative could not withstand the turbulence of the Second World War. In fact Dr. Locard is called the Father of Ridgeoscopy because advancing from the observation by Sir Francis Galton that there are variations in individual friction ridge path, he managed to define those friction ridge events successfully. This enabled the area to evolve into Ridgeology , enabling police forces to do effective fingerprint verification. According to Locard, as published in the year 1914, if more than 12 concurring points are visible and if the print is sharp, the positive identification of fingerprints is indisputable. However, if 8 out of the 12 concurring points are visible, it should be considered as a borderline case, and in such cases, the identity will have to depend on other factors like the sharpness of fingerprints, the rarity of the fingerprint type, the presence of the center of the figure and the triangle in the exploitable part of the print, the effective use of poroscopy, and the degree of clarity visible in the width of the papillary ridges and valleys followed by the line directions, and

Management and leadership style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management and leadership style - Essay Example Some of the key differentials that exist between management and leadership also translate to the means by which both of these forms of direction are accomplished. To begin with, one should consider the management style as something of an administrative expertise that focuses on maintenance, systems structures, a focus on the bottom line, imitation, and accomplishing tasks in the specified way. Conversely, good leadership styles tend to focus upon innovation, originality, development, a focus on the shareholders, inspiration and development of trust, and keeping an eye on the future. As a function of such a definition, the reader can and should understand the management style as more of a nuts and bolts approach that tends to be somewhat formulaic and rigid whereas leadership engenders the unique ability to mold and integrate with changes as a means of seeking the best path. It is further important to understand that such a level of approach does not specify one or the other must be e ngaged upon. As such, it is possible and desirable for an individual to accomplish both of these styles of oversight in order to be an effective vehicle for change within a given institution. Although not all individuals can fulfill the requirements of each of these categories, the individual that does is able to see from both perspectives and seek to direct the firm/group/ or entity in the most appropriate way (Paul & Berry, 2013). With regards to ethics, the leadership and management styles play an integral role in determining the priorities of the given individual. One could even argue that ethics violations only spring from management styles if and when the management style is engrained within the company’s culture. This is due to the fact that management styles are almost always formulaic and required attributes that the individual most ascribe to in order to meet the standards of the organization or group he/she is representing to the employees. Conversely, leadership s tyles fall prey much more easily to ethical violations due to the fact that these are almost always more innately tied to the ability of the individual to incorporate what they heave learned from past experience, as well as their own personality into the change mechanism they are attempting to integrate with. In order to create an ethical environment, it is incumbent upon the culture and oversight mechanisms of the firm to seek to instill a strong level of ethics into the management styles that they engender with the leadership (Dong et al., 2012). In such a way, ethical decision making and a culture of morality can be attempted to be grown from the very base levels of the way in which decisions are made within the organizations culture. As a means of integrating this with the leadership and the styles by which they ultimately manage, the organization will maximize the potential of this having a carry-over effect and impacting upon the means by which even personal attributes impact upon management and leadership within such a culture. Good management can be considered as the ability to meet deadlines, evoke utility, and ensure that one’s team meets or exceeds output standards. This process in and of itself is important; however, it has a distinctly impersonal side to it. Ultimately, the metrics of management are somewhat distinct from what the metrics of

Marketing Campaign for a Successful Product Launch Essay - 3

Marketing Campaign for a Successful Product Launch - Essay Example outhern Africa market will seek to inform the senior management team of the multinational company on how each of the selected promotional tool is appropriate in accomplishing the marketing objectives as well as the overall business objectives. Secondly, the manager in-charge of the South African market will demonstrate in this report how the recommended promotional tools will be implemented in order to make the marketing campaign successful. In most occasions when a business enterprise seeks to venture into a new market or it is about to release a new brand of product or service into the market, it usually engages in aggressive marketing campaigns. The marketing campaigns are mainly intended to create greater hype in the market, which will make the target audience eager to try or experience the newly released product and/ or service. In addition, the marketing campaign should be able to sustain the long-term growth of the business in the market or increased sales of the new product and/ or service. This therefore means that the marketing campaign should be devised properly in the first place to guarantee success of the entire process; this is according to Hollensen (2010). In this present report, Nokia’s manager for the Southern Africa market seeks to convince the company senior management team that the promotional tools he has picked are the most appropriate and effective in ensuring that both Nokia Lumia 920 and 820 record success in the South African market. For the purpose of carrying out a successful marketing campaign in South Africa, the manager in charge of the Southern Africa market picked four promotional tools that comprise of advertising, sales promotion, direct marketing, and public relations. Hollensen (2010) in her studies described advertising, as any form of marketing communication that is used to reinforce what the target audience already knows about the product or service, and to convince, or encourage the target audience to purchase the

Human resources management final exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human resources management final exam - Essay Example In addition, leadership should provide the required information and resources for realising that vision, and balance and coordinate conflicting interests among members and stakeholders (leadership, 2010). Leaders, whilst shouldering responsibility for the entire group, should also motivate their following and ensure that they realise their objectives. They should also ensure continuity and momentum, permit change if warranted, and should be sufficiently ahead of the group (ME96 Leadership, n.d.). A transactional leader ensures compliance, by providing incentives, threat of punishment, and appeal to the altruistic leanings of the group members or their sense of rationalism. On the other hand transformational leaders have to improve themselves, asses the leadership situation, and circumstances in which their followers reach beyond the extant requirements. Such leaders have to fully employ their followers, thereby fulfilling their higher necessities (Martin, 2006, p. 46). These leaders are strongly governed by their mission and enjoy a dedicated following. Leadership is distinguished by being unidirectional, static and intrapersonal. What commences as a process of mutual influence amongst individuals culminates with the passage of time, mutual interaction and an array of contextual elements engenders a leadership identity that is fixed and lasting (De Rue and Ashford, 2010, p. 628). Managerial skill emerges from external sources, standards of an organisation and procedures. The policies of an organisation could constitute the justification for managerial decisions. Leadership emerges from awareness or the leader’s ability to process information (Blank, 2001, p. 19). Leaders decide on the basis of what they consider to be significant and what demands attention. Leaders are not born, and there is no hereditary plan or inborn arrangement that creates a leader. History is replete with individuals who were termed leaders, as they were able to attract supporters (Blank, 2001, p. 8). The process of making others willing followers requires certain skills. Leadership is a skill that can be bettered through practice. It can be improved by personal experience and the organised study of the relationships between people (Are leaders born or made? 2011). Leadership may be obtained and developed through intentional practice. Although leadership has considerable influence, there are other factors that affect organisational effectiveness. Some of these are investments, strategic planning, marketing and product development, secondary capacities, motivation and input (Larsson and Vinberg, 2010, p. 318). Good leaders necessarily possess risk forbearance, and the capacity to control others and increase the value of their surroundings. They should also have sufficient courage to express themselves, and the capacity to accept rejection of their initiatives (McCrimmon, 2011). Question 2 Change Change in variegated forms is an inescapable truth of life. Indiv idual concentrate on change and the adaptations required to deal with its effects. On occasion, individuals themselves effect change (How We Change, Stages of Change, n.d.). Change is the universal bedrock, which is especially true of enterprises that are actuated by market pressures. Such business entities have to incorporate in their objectives, better quality, productivity and flexibility; uninterrupted innovation and the capacity to change, in order to provide an adequate response to market demands. Effective